When it comes to determining biological relationships, the type of DNA testing you need depends on two things:
- Who is available to participate in the DNA testing process
- What question you are trying to answer
If the question is paternity, it’s always best to test the alleged father with the child for paternity results.
You’re always going to get the most definitive results when the alleged father provides a sample, and we highly recommend talking it through with the alleged father if he is initially unwilling to go through testing.
Biological mothers are recommended for all tests as a safeguard against an inconclusive result. But in some instances it may not be possible to test the alleged father. He may be deceased, in jail, or nowhere to be found.
In his absence, other types of relationship testing can be done to help determine paternity. But keep the following in mind:
Relationship DNA testing that is NOT a straight paternity test is much more expensive, and, depending on who is participating in the testing, results may be inconclusive.
DNA Testing for Grandparents
If a paternity test is not possible, the next best option is to test the child with both of the biological parents of the alleged father (and course the child’s mother). You’ll want to test both grandparents if possible. You can also test the child with one grandparent for a percentage of probability.
DNA Testing for Siblings
If grandparents are not an option either, you can choose to test siblings. This involves testing the child in question with a known child of the alleged father. There are different types of DNA testing for siblings depending on whether or not they are full or half siblings.
DNA Testing for Aunts/Uncles (Avuncular)
Finally, you can test for an aunt/uncle relationship. This involves testing the child with a full sibling of the alleged father.
The Bottom Line
With relationship testing not involving the alleged father, the rule of thumb for optimal results is to have “family reconstruction” testing done wherein testing is conducted with as many close relatives as possible: alleged grandparents, mother, uncles and aunts, etc.
We highly recommend that you call our Client Support Center. A representative will be happy to help you determine the testing that’s right for your unique situation.